EFFECT OF PLANTATION CLIMATE ON AQUAPHOTOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF DURIAN FRUIT (DURIO ZIBETHINUS MERR. CV. MONGTHONG)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst11954Keywords:
Durian, Aquaphotomics, Near infrared spectroscopy, Plantation climate, Geographical origin, IdentificationAbstract
This study investigated the effect of plantation climate on the aquaphotomic characteristics of durians. Near-infrared spectra were collected using an FT-NIR spectrometer (12500-4000 cm–1; 800-2500 nm) to explore the water molecular structures within the peel. Spectral data were pretreated with the standard normal variate, and specific water matrix coordinate aquagrams were constructed and analyzed in both the first (1300-1600 nm) and the second (900-1100 nm) overtone regions. Climate factors, including temperature, precipitation, humidity, sunshine hours, rainy days, wind speed, and wind direction, were examined for their influence on aquagram patterns. Differences among provinces appeared mainly in the absorption of C1-C4 bands in the second overtone range. Aquaphotomic analysis revealed that C1 (896 nm) and C2 (910 nm) are associated with environmental interactions, C3 (916 nm) represents joint vibrational modes related to water molecule arrangement and dehydration processes such as durian ripening, and C4 (923 nm) corresponds to water shell structure linked to ion binding, indicating tightly bound structural water that reduces water loss. These spectral variations suggest that precipitation at the harvesting stage affects the osmotic potential of water within the peel, while temperature, humidity, rainy days, sunshine hours influence transpiration driven by the vapor pressure deficit between the fruit interior and the surrounding environment. Overall, these findings establish a novel basis for integrating aquaphotomics with geographical and climatic data to discriminate durian geographical origins.
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