Ocular pathology of hyperopic patients in University Eye Clinic

Watanee Jenchitr; Prasert Padungkiatsakul

Authors

Watanee Jenchitr Faculty of Optometry, Rangsit University, Patumthani 12000, Thailand
Prasert Padungkiatsakul Faculty of Optometry, Rangsit University, Patumthani 12000, Thailand

Keywords:

amblyopia, angle-closure, glaucoma, hyperopia, ocular pathology, strabismus

Abstract

Hyperopia can be associated with a variety of ocular pathology as strabismus, amblyopia, primary angle-closure glaucoma, abnormal binocularity, uveal effusion, pseudo papilledema, and non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuritis. No previous study of ocular pathology in hyperopia was published in Thailand. This research aims to gather baseline data and determine the correlation between the degree of hyperopia and the presence of ocular pathology seen using a retrospective study of medical records of patients at the university’s eye clinic from January 2015 to December 2017. A total of 4,354 patients were observed with a ratio between men and women of 1,998:2,356 and ages ranging from 1-102 years with a mean age of 49.9 ± 20.14 in men and 53.32 ± 18.93 in women. Of 1,264 hyperopic patients observed, 835 had a spherical equivalent (SE) of +2 Diopters or less (mild hyperopic), 391 had a SE of greater than +2 D but not greater than +5 D (moderate hyperopia), and 38 patients had a SE of greater than +5 D (high hyperopia). Glaucoma and related diseases were the most common ocular pathology (15.75%), followed by posterior vitreous detachment (10.8%). Ocular conditions such as strabismus (1.75%) and amblyopia (1.32%) were also observed. The correlation study showed that primary open-angle glaucoma, primary angle-closure glaucoma, primary angle-closure strabismus, and amblyopia were related to hyperopia as more hyperopic had a higher correlation. In conclusion, hyperopia had many associations with many ocular pathology and conditions in children and adults, and the optometrist should do primary eye care screening during refraction, especially in the elders.

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