Research and development of environmental and Carbon Dioxide control machines to accelerate the growth of Vanda orchid seedlings from tissue culture
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Abstract
The Thai government’s Thailand 4.0 policy emphasizes innovation-driven economic growth, particularly in the orchid industry. Currently, orchid farmers face a bottleneck in the first stage of nursing Vanda orchid seedlings, which typically takes 6 to 12 months. This research aimed to develop an environmental control system using modified atmospheres and specific light spectrums to accelerate growth. The study consisted of two phases: 1) developing the prototype environmental control machine, and 2) evaluating growth under varying CO2 concentrations (1,000, 1,500, and 2,000 ppm) and light treatments (natural light vs. LED). Results indicated that seedlings grown at 1,500 ppm CO2 under natural light (shaded with 50% and 70% shading net) achieved optimal growth in terms of root and leaf count. Most importantly, this treatment allowed seedlings to reach the secondary nursing stage by the third month, effectively reducing the nursing duration by half.
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