EXPOSURE OF ANANAS COMOSUS TO ZINC OXIDE NANO-POWDER IN VITRO : PHYSIOLOGY AND BROMELAIN PRODUCTION
Keywords:
Biogenic zinc oxide, shoot culture, bromelain, pineapple, antioxidant activity, nanoparticlesAbstract
The use of zinc oxide nanoparticles to enhance the production of plant metabolites has gained considerable attention as a novel nanotechnology application in plant biotechnology and agriculture. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1,000 mg/L) of biosynthesised zinc oxide (BZnO) on growth parameters, bromelain production and antioxidant activities of the shoot culture of pineapple (Ananas comosus). The results showed that the highest amount of shoot (7.2 shoots/explant), fresh weight (FW) (5.390 g), leaf number (68.8 leaves/plantlet) and chlorophyll content (1,161.58 µg/g FW) were achieved at 1 mg/L of BZnO.A significant increase in bromelain production was also observed in the shoot culture of pineapple at 1 mg/L BZnO. The shoot of pineapple grown on plant tissue culture medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BZnO demonstrated the highest total phenolic content (20.11 µg gallic acid equivalent/g FW), reducing power (4.05 µg FeSO4/g FW) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-scavenging activity (60.75%). The results revealed that physiological parameters, secondary metabolite production and antioxidant activity increased when the concentration of BZnO was elevated up to 1 mg/L. However, a sudden decrease was observed when the concentration of BZnO was over 1 mg/L BZnO, and it reached to the minimum amount at 1000 mg/L BZnO.
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