ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF HYPTIS PECTINATA AND OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM LEAVES EXTRACTS AGAINST SALMONELLA TYPHI AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2024-06-e03183Keywords:
Antibacterial agents, Hyptis pectinata leaf extracts, Ocimum gratissimum, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureusAbstract
The research explored the antibacterial efficacy of leaf extracts from Hyptis pectinata and Ocimum gratissimum on Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus spp. strains. Leaves were sourced from Modibbo Adama University (MAU), Yola, and stool samples were obtained at the University clinic from individuals experiencing diarrhea. Additionally, 20 nasal samples were collected from students residing in the university girls Hostel. The investigation encompassed the preparation of culture media for stool and nasal mucosa samples, identification of Staphylococcus aureus colonies through diverse tests, and extraction of crude extracts via cold maceration and ethanol. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of both Hyptis pectinata and Ocimum gratissimum plant extracts was carried out and was determined using their level of turbidity. Likewise, the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of both plant extracts was carried out and was also determined using their growth response. Phytochemical analysis was performed to detect saponins, alkaloid, flavonoid, phenols, tannins, and glycosides. The results underwent scrutiny using various biochemical tests. The findings revealed the sensitivity of all tested microorganisms to ethanolic leaf extracts, indicating the potential presence of antibacterial agents in the ethanolic leaf extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and Hyptis pectinata. Consequently, these extracts emerge as promising candidates for drug development, supporting the traditional belief that they may serve as treatments for certain human diseases. Validation of folklore claims appears plausible based on the study results.
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