THE EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY OF OPUNTIA FICUS-INDICA (OFI) POWDER IN REMOVING Fe, Mn, AND As METAL CONTAMINATION IN WATER TREATMENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2024-01-e02530Keywords:
Bio-coagulant, effectivity and efficiency, Opuntia-Ficus Indica Powder, Water treatment residueAbstract
The use of Alum in water treatment has a negative impact on human health if used in the long term. The potential of Opuntia ficus indica (OFI) to be used as an organic coagulant that comes directly from nature can minimize metal contamination. Hence, OFI could be used as a new alternative in water treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and efficiency of OFI in eliminating Fe, Mn, and As contamination. This research was conducted for four months at the University of Andalas. The research method was done by making metal-contaminated water samples, making OFI extract in the shape of powder form, then carrying out the FTIR test, providing treatment in the Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Natural Materials Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Andalas, then conducting Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) testing for Fe metals and Mn metals and UV-Vis spectrophotometer test for metals as metals in the West Sumatra Regional Health Laboratory. Analysis of the results of the AAS test and UV-Vis spectrophotometer test showed that OFI powder is more effective and efficient than alum in removing metal contamination. OFI powder is optimal at a mass of 50 mg for removing Mn metal contamination and 100 mg for removing Fe metal contamination, while As metal cannot be identified because the before and after values are smaller than 0.01 mg/L. OFI powder is also more efficient because it is cheaper, easier to cultivate and use by the public, and does not cause side effects on health. It is hoped that the use of OFI powder as a natural coagulant can be used massively by the community.
References
Andiwijaya, A.F. (2017). Alternatif Koagulan Alami Sebagai Pengganti Atau Pembantu Aluminium Sulfat Pada Proses Pengolahan Air Minum. (Version 1). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1133794
Asyahra, M.L., Belia, N., Anggaryadi, O.M.P., Rangkuti, R.A., and Syahfitri, V.N. (2022). Krisis penyediaan air bersih di provinsi nusa tenggara timur. Konferensi Nasional Ilmu Administrasi, 6(1):150-155.
Bondy, S.C. and Campbell, A. (2018). water quality and brain function. International Journal of Environmental Research And Public Health. 15(1):2. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15010002
Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia. (2022). Persentase Rumah Tangga Menurut Provinsi, Tipe Daerah Dan Sumber Air Minum Layak (Persen), 2020-2022. Url: Https://Www. Bps.Go.Id/Indicator/29/854/1/Persentase-Rumah-Tangga- Menurut-Provinsi-Tipe-Daerah-Dan-Sumber-Air-Minum- Layak.Html. Diakses Tanggal 5 Februari 2023.
El-Mostafa, K., El Kharrassi, Y., Badreddine, A., Andreoletti, P., Vamecq, J., El Kebbaj, M.S., Latruffe, N., Lizard, G., Nasser, B., and Cherkaoui-Malki, M. (2014). Nopal cactus (Opuntia Ficus-Indica) as a source of bioactive compounds for nutrition, health and disease. Molecules, 19(99): 14879-14901. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules190914879
Ihaddaden, S., Aberkane, D., Boukerroui, A., and dan Robert, D. (2022). Removal of methylene blue (basic dye) by coagulation-flocculation with biomaterials (bentonite and Opuntia ficus indica). Journal of Water Process Engineering, 49: 102952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.102952
Krupińska, I. (2020). Aluminium drinking water treatment residuals and their toxic impact on human health. Molecules, 25(3):641. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030641
Mane, P.C., Bhosle, A.B., Jangam, C.M., and Mukate, S.V. (2011). Heavy Metal Removal from Aqueous Solution By Opuntia : A Natural Polyelectrolyte. Journal of Natural Product and Plant Resources, 1(1):75-80.
Mursidi, A. (2015). Analisis Risiko Kandungan Logam Kromium Heksavalen (Cr6+) Dan Arsen (As) Dalam Air Minum. Jurnal Vokasi Kesehatan, 1(6):195-204. https://doi.org/10.30602/jvk.v1i6.41
Nasution, H.A. and Sihombing, A.T. (2017). Analisis Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Dalam Air Sungai Silau Di Kota Kisaran. INA-Rxiv Papers, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.31227/osf.io/7fs5a
Nindi, O., Nanti, A.P.N., Anandhito, M.V., Hidayat, T.N., Rizki, S., and Alfian, A.R. (2023). Analisis kandungan opuntia ficus-indica (Kaktus Pir Berduri) dalam pengolahan air. Jurnal Keselamatan Kesehatan Kerja dan Lingkungan (JK3L). 4(2):147-150. https://doi.org/10.25077/jk3l.4.2. 147-150.2023
Ananda, P.R. and Ismail, A. (2016). Pengaruh pemberian tawas dengan dosis bertingkat dalam pakan selama 30 hari terhadap gambaran histopatologi hepar tikus wistar. Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal), 5(3):210-221. https://doi.org/10.14710/dmj.v5i3.13091
Otálora, M.C., Wilches-Torres, A., Lara, C.R., Cifuentes, G.R., and Gómez Castaño, J.A. (2022). Use of opuntia ficus-indica fruit peel as a novel source of mucilage with coagulant physicochemical/molecular characteristics. Polymers. 14(18):3832. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183832
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan. (2023). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 tentang Peraturan Pelaksanaan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 66 Tahun 2014 tentang Kesehatan Lingkungan
Prasetya, P.E. and Saptomo, S.K. (2018). Perbandingan kebutuhan koagulan al2(so4)3 dan pac untuk pengolahan air bersih di wtp sungai ciapus kampus ipb dramaga. Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment, 18(2):75. https://doi.org/10.24843/blje.2018.v18.i02.p05
Putra, R.S., Iqbal, A.M., Rahman, I.A., Sobari, M. 2019. Evaluas Perbandingan Koadulan Sintesis Dengan Koagulan Alami Dalam Proses Koagulasi Untuk Mengolah Limbah Laboratorium. Khazanah:Jurnal Mahasiswa. 11:1-4.
Putri, C.I. (2021). Pengolahan Air Sungai Menjadi Air Bersih Dengan Proses Elektroflotasi-Biokoagulasi Menggunakan Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera) Dan Jagung (Zea Mays), [Undergraduate Thesis]. Universitas Islam Indonesia, 90p.
Rifqi, A. and Hibatullah, S. (2022). Analisis Sebaran Kandungan Logam Berat Cr, Mn, Dan Pb Pada Air Tanah Di Sekitar Tpa Piyungan Menggunakan Pemodelan Idw, [Undergraduate Thesis]. Universitas Islam Indonesia, 72p.
Satriyani, D.P.P. (2021). Review artikel: Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.). Jurnal Farmasi Malahayati, 4(1):31-43.
Silva, M.A., Albuquerque, T.G., Pereira, P., Ramalho, R., Vicente, F., Oliveira, M.B.P.P., and Costa, H.S. (2021). Opuntia Ficus-Indica (L.) Mill.: A Multi-Benefit Potential to Be Exploited. Molecules. 26:1-20. https://doi.org/10.33024/jfm.v4i1.4263
Sunarsih, E., Faisya, A.F., Windusari, Y., Trisnaini, I., Arista, D., Septiawati, D., Ardila, Y., Purba, I.G., and Garmini, R. (2018). Analisis paparan kadmium, besi, dan mangan pada air terhadap gangguan kulit pada masyarakat desa ibul besar kecamatan indralaya selatan kabupaten ogan ilir. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia. 17(2):68. https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.17.2.68-73
Vargas-Solano, S.V., Rodríguez-González, F., Martínez-Velarde, R., Morales-García, S.S., and Jonathan, M.P. (2022). Removal Of Heavy Metals Present in Water from the Yautepec River Morelos México, Using Opuntia Ficus-Indica Mucilage. Environmental Advances. 7: 100160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envadv.2021.100160
Vinodhini, V. and Das, N., (2009), Mechanism of Cr (VI) Biosorption by Neem Sawdust, American-Eurasian Journal of Scientific Research,4 (4), pp.324-329.
Vishali, S. and Karthikeyan, R. (2014). Cactus opuntia (ficus-indica): an eco-friendly alternative coagulant in the treatment of pain effluent. Desalination and Water Treatment. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2014.945487
