INFLUENCE OF N, K FERTILIZERS AND NUMBER OF FRUITING SHOOTS ON YIELDS AND QUALITY OF WINEGRAPE VARIETY CABERNET SAUVIGNON
Keywords:
Winegrape, Cabernet Sauvignon, Nitrogen fertilizer, Potassium fertilizer, Fruiting shoots, Grape qualityAbstract
An experiment was carried out in the humid subtropical climate located in the south of China (Xichang, Sichuan province). Five years old winegrape var. Cabernet sauvignon was planted by own root cutting in 1998 with spacing of 1.25 × 2.00 m in north-south direction. Three different levels of fruiting shoot (10, 20 and 30 shoots/plant) and four different doses of K (0, 20, 40 and 60 g/plant) and N (0, 100, 200 and 300 g/plant) in different combinations were applied in order to observe the effect of fruiting shoots, K and N on yields, cropload, cluster weight, grape quality. Split-Split plot design in a randomized complete block design (RCB) was used. Number of fruiting shoots was mainplot, K was subplot and N was sub-subplot. Yields, cropload, cluster weight and grape quality responded to levels of fruiting shoots. K and N had affected on vine growth but no affected on yields and grape quality.
References
Alleweldt, G., During, H., and El-Sese, A.M.A. (1984). The influence of nitrogen fertilization and water supply on photosyntheses, transpiration and dry matter production in grapevines. Plant Research and Development, 20:45-58.
Boulton, R.B., Singleton, V.L., Bisson, L.F., and Kunkee, R.E. (1998). Principles and Practices of Winemaking. Aspen Publishers.
Bravdo, B., and Hepner, Y. (1987). Water management and effect on fruit quality in grapevines. (Review) In T. Lee, Proc. of the Sixth Australian Industry Tech. Con., p. 150-158.
Bravdo, B., Hepner, Y., Loinger, C., Cohen, S., and Tabacman, H. (1984). Effect of crop level on growth, yield and wine quality of a high yielding Carignane vineyard. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 35(4):247-252.
Bravdo, B., Hepner, Y., Loinger, C., Cohen, S., and Tabacman, H. (1985a). Effect of crop level and crop load on growth, yield, must and wine composition, and quality of Cabernet Sauvignon. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 36(2):125-131.
Bravdo, B., Hepner, Y., Loinger, C., Cohen, S., and Tabacman, H. (1985b). Effect of irrigation and crop level on growth, yield and wine quality of Cabernet Sauvignon. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 36(2):132-139.
Cahoon, G.A. (1985). Potassium nutrition of grapes. In: Potassium in Agriculture. Munson, R.D. (ed.). Wisconsin, USA, p. 1,105-1,134.
Fisher, K.H., Bradt, O.A., Wiebe, J., and Dirks, V.A. (1977). Cluster thinning 'De Chaunac' French hybrid grape improves vine vigor and fruit quality in Ontario. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 102:162-165.
Gal, Y., Naor, A., and Bravdo, B. (1996). Effect of shoot density, crop level and crop load on fruit and wine quality of "Sauvignon blanc" grapes. Acta horticulturae., 427:151-159.
Galet, P. (2000). General Viticulture. Oenoplurimedia Imprimer surles press.
Giorgessi, F.R., and Zanon, S.F. (1995). Diagnosis of nitrogen status in grapevine. In: Mineral Nutrition of Deciduous Fruit Plants. Tagliavini, M., Neilsen, G.H., and Millard, P. (Eds.). Acta Horticulturae, Trento, Italy, p. 359-365.
Hepner, Y., Bravdo, B., Loinger, C., Cohen, S., and Tabacman, H. (1985). Effect of drip irrigation schedules on growth, yield, composition and wine quality of Cabernet Sauvignon. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 36:77-85.
Khachatryan, A.L. (1973). The effectiveness of spraying vineyards with potassium chloride solution. Tr. VIUA., 21:204-209.
Kliewer, W.M. (1967). Annual cyclic changes in the concentration of free amino acids in grapevines. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 18:126-137.
Kliewer, W.M., and Cook, J.A. (1971). Arginine and total free amino acids as indicators of the nitrogen status of grapevines. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 96:581-587.
Matthews, M.A., Sipiora, M.J., and Anderson, M.M. (1996). Potassium status and soil water content of grapevines on fine textured soils. Better Crops., 80(2):24-27.
Morris, J.R., Cawthon, D.L., and Fleming, J.W. (1980). Effects of high rates of potassium fertilization on raw product quality and changes in pH and acidity during storage of Concord grape juice. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 31:323-328.
Peacock, W.L., Christensen, L.P., and Broadbent, F.E. (1989). Uptake, storage, and utilization of soil-applied nitrogen by Thompson Seedless as affected by time of application. Am J. Enol. Vitic., 40:16-20.
Peacock, B., Christensen, P.T., and Hirschfelt, D. (1998). Best management practices for nitrogen fertilization of grapevines. [On-line serial]. Available: http://cetulare.ucdavis.edu/pubgrape/pubgrape.htm.
Reynolds, A.G. (1989). Riesling grape respond to cluster thining and shoot density manipulation. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 114:364-368.
Reynolds, A.G., Pool, R.M., and Mattick, L.R. (1986). Effect of shoot density and crop control on growth, yield, fruit composition, and wine quality of Seyval blance. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 111:55-63.
Reynolds, A.G., Edwards C.G., Wardle D.A., Webster D.R., and Dever, M. (1994a). Shoot density affects 'Riesling' grapevines. I. Vine performance. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 119:874-880.
Reynolds, A.G., Edwards C.G., Wardle D.A., Webster D.R., and Dever, M. (1994b). Shoot density affects 'Riesling' grapevines. II. Wine composition and sensory response. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 119:881-892.
Shaulis, N.J. (1982). Responses of grapevines and grapes to spacing of and within canopies. In: Proc. Centennial Symp. Grapes and Wines. Webb, A.D. (ed.). Univ. of California, Davis. Univ of California Press, Berkeley. p. 353-361.
Shaulis, N.J., and May, P. (1971). Response of 'Sultana' vines to training on a divided canopy and to shoot crowding. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 22:215-222.
Smart, R.E. (1988). Shoot spacing and canopy light microclimate. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 39:325-333.
Williams, L.E. (1987). Growth of 'Thompson Seedless' grapevines: II. Nitrogen distribution. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 112:330-333.
Williams, L.E. (2001). Fertilizer of grapevines in California. Agricultural Education & Outreach. Aqexpo/Seminars 2001 presentation. [On-line serial]. Available: http://www.nutrient-winners.com/Storage_Space/2001/2001expo_5.htm.
William, L.E., and Biscay, P.J. (1991). Partitioning of dry weight, nitrogen and potassium in Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines from anthesis until harvest. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 42(2):113-117.
Williams, L.E., Biscay, P.J., and Smith, R.J. (1987). Effect of interior canopy defoliation on berry composition and potassium distribution of 'Thompson Seedless' grapevines. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 38:287-292.
Zamboni, M., Bavaresco, L., and Komjanc, R. (1996). Influence of bud number on growth, yield, grape and wine quality of 'Pinot gris', 'Pinot noir' and 'Sauvignon' (Vitis vinifera L.). In: Proc. Workshop Strategies to Optimize Wine Grape Quality. Poni, S. (eds.). Acta Horticulturae. 427, Conegliano, Italy, p. 411-417.
