PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF WEEDS  SUBJECTED TO BLACK PLASTIC MULCHING, AN ALTERNATIVE PREPLANT WEED CONTROL

Achiraya  Rakmanee; Natcha  Wiwekram; Kamolchanok  Umnajkitikorn

Authors

Achiraya Rakmanee School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree 10 University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
Natcha Wiwekram School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree 10 University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
Kamolchanok Umnajkitikorn School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree 10 University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand

Keywords:

weeds, plastic mulch, physical weed control, non-chemical weed

Abstract

Weed is a crucial problem in agricultural system, as well as the non-cropland region. Enormous amount of herbicides has been used to control weeds, causing environmental, health and herbicide resistance problems. Mulching has been used as an alternative non-chemical weed controls. Plastic mulching has been commonly used as a covering material throughout the growing season. However, there is no report of using the black plastic mulching as a preplant weed control. In this study, we therefore evaluating the potential of 3 types of black plastic mulching as a preplant weed control. The evaluation was based on the physiological responses of weeds subjected to different types of the mulches, the weed controlling ability 1-month after mulching, and soil parameters. The results were indicated that black plastic film and the black woven plastic were the most effective plastic mulches for preplant weed control. After mulching for 4 weeks, the plastics were removed, weed density were collected. At 30-day after mulch removal, the plots subjected to the black plastic film and the black woven plastic had a significant lower weed density of only 5.1 g DW m-2 and 51.1 g DW m-2, which were 1.4% and 14% of the control (no mulching), respectively. The controlling effects was mainly due to the inhibition of weed photosynthesis, transpiration and the degradation of chlorophyll, without any changes in soil properties. As an preplant non-chemical weed control, black plastic mulching still need the evaluation in various soil condition and weed population.

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