TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS IN GRID INTEGRATION OF SOLAR ENERGY: A REVIEW
Keywords:
Solar Energy Conversion System, Greening the Grid, Renewable Energy Sources, Energy Management System, Power QualityAbstract
Green-house gases are mainly responsible for global warming leading to the climate change. The challenges imposed by climate change have compelled to switch power generation from conventional to sustainable energy sources (SES) like solar, wind, biomass, hydro, geothermal etc. Solar is the most rapidly flourishing form of SES which is eco-friendly and has become economically viable. The power sector reforms and transition of present day grid into smart grid are facilitating bulk penetration of solar power into the conventional utility system. The authors in this paper attempt to present a paradigm shift in the development of technologies to integrate Solar Energy Conversion System (SECS) into the main grid. The SECS integration with the grid have positive as well as negative impacts on the utility system. Availability of power at the time of peak demand and even at remote locations, reduced carbon traces, reduced losses are some positive outcomes. The negative impacts of high penetration of SECS includes voltage and power fluctuations, voltage rise and reverse power flow, power factor deviations, frequency change and increase in harmonics, un-intentional islanding, fault and neutral grounding issues. Firstly, these challenges have been reviewed briefly and then technically viable solutions reported in literature have been presented. The grid management initiatives are necessary to overcome the challenges imposed by the large-scale integration of SECS. The other technological evolution of solar system such as static compensator for power quality, stability and reliability improvement are also comprehended.
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