FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED MICRO-SPECTROSCOPY FOR RAPID DETECTION OF Bacillus Cereus AND Pseudomonas Aeruginosa SPOILAGE IN MILK
Keywords:
Bacterial spoilage, milk, FT-IR, rapid detection, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomanas aeruginosaAbstract
Conventional methods of detecting milk spoilage and quantification of microbes in milk are time-consuming. Thus, the aims of this study were to utilise Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy to detect B. cereus ATCC 11778 and P. aeruginosa ATCC 15442 spoilage in ultra-high temperature milk and to develop a predicted model for quantification of the total viable count (TVC) using partial least squares (PLS) analysis from the FT-IR spectra. Actual TVCs of bacteria either grown singly or in co-culture were carried out for model calibration of the predicted TVCs from PLS. The FT-IR spectra were acquired at absorbances ranging 4,000-700 cm-1. The results from the FT-IR analysis revealed the proportionally significant changes in milk lipid and fatty acids as indicated by the wavelength number in the regions of the lipid (2,957, 2,923, and 2,852 cm-1) and fatty acids (1,745 cm-1) over the increasing incubation times in mono-cultures of B. cereus and P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, the present study also used the FT-IR spectra coupled with PLS to develop a model to predict the TVC in milk spoilage. We found that the coefficients of determination (R2) representing the accuracy of the model fit of B. cereus were 0.972 and 0.982 and of P. aeruginosa were 0.971 and 0.981 for the mono-cultures and co-culture, respectively. Interestingly, the predicted TVC by FT-IR through the PLS analysis provided a high accuracy of 94-99%. To summarise, FT-IR could be applicable in rapid detection of milk spoilage and bacterial load and could be an alternative approach for total plate count assay, particularly for B. cereus and P. aeruginosa quantifications.
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