ECOLOGICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING OVERWEIGHT STATUS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN LIVING IN BANGKOK
Keywords:
Ecological factors, overweight status, primary school children, healthy eating, physical activityAbstract
Overweight status in children is a global public health problem and in Thailand, Bangkok has the most prevalence. This case-control study aimed to identify the ecological factors which include individual and socio-environmental factors in the family and school associated with overweight status among Bangkok school children in the 4th to 6th grades. The study’s participants included 510 children and 52 class teachers in public and private primary schools. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Using multiple logistic regression analysis to determine significant predictors of overweight status showed that being a boy (aOR 3.13; 95% CI 1.80-5.44) and perceived self-body image as large (aOR 45.74; 95% CI 17.91-116.83) had higher risks of overweight status. Parenting practices with a high coercive control in food eating and physical activity (aOR 0.23; 95% CI 0.09-0.62), and moderate (aOR 0.44; 95% CI 0.19-0.99) and high autonomy support (aOR 0.28; 95% CI 0.11-0.71) in food eating proved to be a protective factor against overweight status. Meanwhile, the physical home environments and school environmental factors were not associated with overweight status. These findings indicated that individual and family environmental factors were the best predictors of overweight status among the children. Thus, the health care system should develop effective and comprehensive strategies that promote healthy eating and physical activity to control weight among children taking into consideration the difference in sex and social home environments.
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