EFFECT OF VARYING CONDITIONS IN THE MIXING AND STIRRING ON PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT CEMENT GRADE 80/100 MODIFIED WITH CRUMB RUBBER AND STYRENE BUTADIENE STYRENE POLYMER
Keywords:
Asphalt, crumb rubber, polymer modified, SBS polymerAbstract
The quality of crumb rubber modified asphalt cement is generally not up to the required standard. Therefore, continuous studies have been performed to find out how to improve the properties of the crumb rubber modified asphalt cement. Various additives are used with different formulas and production processes, yet the results of the tests are not fully understood. In this experiment, the focus was on the varying conditions of the mixing and stirring process while using crumb rubber and styrene butadiene styrene polymer as additives for the modified asphalt. Asphalt cement of grade 80/100 was modified using 5 wt% crumb rubber and 4 wt% styrene butadiene styrene polymer with an inexpensive mixing and stirring process that can control the speed of the stir to be constant. The other conditions in the process that varied included the temperature and the stir time. The temperatures used for the mixing and stirring process were 140°C, 160°C, and 180°C and the duration times were 30, 60, and 90 min for each set of samples. After the mixing and stirring process, each sample was analyzed to find out the physical and mechanical properties. The properties tested included the penetration, softening point, ductility, flash point, and weight loss due to heat. The results obtained, which were analyzed based on the TISI 2156-2547 standard, indicated that modified asphalt cement of grade 80/100 under processing conditions that use 5 wt% crumb rubber, 4 wt% styrene butadiene styrene polymer, a controlled temperature of 180°C and a mixing and stirring duration of 30 m resulted in a product that passed the criteria of the TISI 2156-2547 standard. The resulting properties of the modified asphalt cement of grade 80/100 had a penetration value of 57.85 (0.01 mm), flash point of 315°C, softening point of 73°C, ductility at 90.5 cm., and weight loss through the thin film oven test of 0.16%.
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Courtney, T.H. (1990). Mechanical Behavior of Materials. McGraw-Hill, Singapore, 710p.
Department of Highways. (1989). DH-S 408/2532, Standard Practice for Asphalt Concrete and Hot- Mix Asphalt. Department of Highways, Bangkok, Thailand.
González, V., Martínez-Boza, F.J., Gallegos, C., Pérez- Lepe, A., and Páez, A. (2012). A study into the processing of bitumen modified with tire crumb rubber and polymeric additives. Fuel Process. Technol., 95:137-143.
Lee, S-J., Hu, J., Hakseo Kim, H., Amirkhanian, S.N., and Jeong, K-D. (2011). Aging analysis of rubberized asphalt binders and mixes using gel permeation chromatography, Constr. Build. Mater., 25:1485- 1490.
Mastrofini, D. and Scarsella, M. (2000). The application of rheology to the evaluation of bitumen ageing. Fuel, 79(9):1005-1015.
Navarro, F.J., Partal, P., Gallegos, C., and Areizaga, J. (2001). Effect of processing variables on the linear viscoelastic properties of SBS-oil blends. Polym. Eng. Sci., 41(12):2216-2225.
Navarro, F.J., Partal, P., Martínez-Boza, F., and Gallegos, C. (2005). Effect of composition and processing on the linear viscoelasticity of synthetic binders. Eur. Polym. J., 41:1429-1438.
Phetcharat, S. (2013). Properties of asphaltic cement grade 60/70 modified with crumb rubber and SBS polymer. J. Sci. Technol., 15(1):56-63.
Phetcharat, S. (2014). Properties comparisons and cost analysis of asphaltic cement grade 80/100 and 60/70 modified with crumb rubber and SBS polymer. Adv. Mat. Res., 911:484-488.
Phromsorn, C. (1998). Study of Engineering Properties of Asphalt and Polymer Modified Asphaltic Concrete. Report No. RD.166, Bureau of Road Research and Development, Department of Highways, Bangkok, Thailand.
Poonsawat, T. (2001). The comparative study of conventional asphalt cement with crumb rubber modified asphalt by wet process and dry process, [MSc. Thesis]. Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand. (in Thai)
Scarsella, M., Mastrofini, D., Barre, L., Espinat, D., and Fenistein, D. (1999). Petroleum heavy ends stability: evolution of residues macrostructure by aging. Energ. Fuel., 13(3):739-747.
Thai Industrial Standards Institute. (1999). TISI 851-2542, Standard for asphalt cement for use in pavement construction. Ministry of Industry, Bangkok, Thailand.
Thai Industrial Standards Institute. (2004). TISI 2156- 2547, Standard for modified asphalt cement for use in pavement construction. Ministry of Industry, Bangkok, Thailand.
Witayakul, W. and Kunthawethep, C. (1996). Improvement of asphalt concrete surface by adding used tire rubber in asphalt cement pen. 60/70. Proceedings of the 34th Kasetsart University Annual Conference: Science, Engineering, Agro-Industry, Home Economics, Resource and Environment Management, Education, Social Science, Economics and Business Administration; January 30-February 1, 1996; Bangkok, Thailand, p. 142-146. (in Thai)
