ANTHOCYANIN AND THE INFLUENCE OF NAA AND IRRIGATION ON POD AND SEED SETTING OF RED KWAO KRUA
Keywords:
Butea superba Roxb, anthocyanin, NAA, irrigation, pod and seed setting Introduction RKKAbstract
Red Kwao Krua (Butea superba Roxb.) is a protected medicinal plant of Thailand. The tuberous rootsof Red Kwao Krua (RKK) are used to treat various illnesses and to maintain male hormones. Redsubstances are released when the tuberous roots of Red RKK are wounded. These substances wereexamined for an anthocyanin. The determination of the concentrations of an anthocyanin via TLC,absorbent wavelength, and pH differential techniques were performed on the root samples. The tuberousroots of RKK from the provinces Nakhon Ratchasima, Kalasin and Sakon Nakhon had anthocyaninconcentrations from 69-144 μg/g fresh weight. RKK from Nakhon Ratchasima had the lowest an averageof the amount of anthocyanin (96.80 ± 8.63 μg/g fresh weight). While RKK from Kalasin and SakonNakhon had an approximately the same amount of anthocyanin 112.27 ± 8.63 and 111.17 ± 8.63 μg/gfresh weight. However, RKK has difficulty in pod and seed setting. An experiment was conductedon RKK in Wangnumkeaw district, Nakhon Ratchasima from 2004-2005. The experiment was a 22factorial in RCBD with 4 replications (1 replication had 10 subsamples). The effects of NAA andirrigation on pod and seed setting were examined. RKK that was irrigated and was sprayed with NAAat 100 ppm gave statistically significant differences in the highest the length of inflorescence (36.35 cm),the number of pods/inflorescence (5.10 pods/inflorescence) and the number of seeds/pod (1.15 seeds/pod). Therefore, NAA at 100 ppm plus irrigation could increase pod and seed setting. When using thestereomicroscopy to examine the seed, the sound seed showed a smooth seed coat, a big embryo, andwas full of reserve food in the cell.
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