EFFECT OF CASPUREA AS A PROTEIN SOURCE REPLACEMENT FOR SOYBEAN MEAL IN DIETS ON PERFORMANCE OF THAI NATIVE X BRAHMAN BEEF CATTLE
Keywords:
Urea, Caspurea, soybean meal, Thai Native-Brahman beef cattleAbstract
This experiment aimed to study the effects of Caspurea (cassava pulp-urea) on the productiveperformance of Thai Native × Brahman beef cattle. Four Thai Native × Brahman beef cattle (approximately365 days of age and average live weight of 154.7 ± 26.8 kg) were used in a 4 × 4 Latin squarearrangement of treatments with four 21-d periods. The treatments were the levels of Caspureareplacement for soybean meal in concentrate at 0, 25, 50, and 75%. Concentrates were formulated tocontain 14% CP and were fed at 2.0% BW. All animals were fed ad libitum urea-treated rice straw asroughage. The results showed that the total dry matter intake (5.5, 5.5, 5.2, and 5.3 kgDM/d; P > 0.05)was not significantly different from other dietary treatments. Dry matter digestibility (71.2, 72.1, 71.2,and 67.7%; P < 0.01) was the lowest in 75% replacement diet and ruminal ammonia-N concentration(8.5, 8.8, 9.5, and 13.3 mg%; P < 0.01) was the highest in 75 % replacement diet. Moreover, the totalvolatile fatty acid (127.4, 123.6, 119.8 and 96.4 mM; P < 0.01), the bacteria population [2.6, 2.5, 2.5and 2.4 (× 1010 cell/ml)], the protozoa population [2.2, 2.2, 2.1, and 1.9 (× 105 cell/ml)] and nitrogenabsorption (65.5, 64.7, 60.6, and 57.7 g/d) were also lowest in 75% replacement diet (P < 0.01), but werenot different from 0, 25, and 50% replacement groups. The nitrogen retention (%N intake) (24.1, 23.6,25.3, and 13.6 g/d) tended to increase in 50% replacement diet (P = 0.05) while, in 0, 25, and 50%replacement diet groups were not different. Blood urea nitrogen (22.5, 23.2, 23.3, and 24.6 mg%;P < 0.01) was the highest in 75% replacement diet and the average daily gain (0.54, 0.52, 0.55, and 0.42kg/d; P < 0.05) was linearly decreased by Caspurea replacement diet. These results indicate that 50%of the replacement diet by Caspurea for soybean meal in concentrate has positive effects on crossbredNative × Brahman beef cattle production.
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