OPTIMAL DESIGN OF A SILENCER FOR ENHANCING NOISE REDUCTION IN A 5G BASE STATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst11022Keywords:
5G base station, Design, Noise, Optimization, SilencerAbstract
A 5G base station, also referred to as a 5G cell site or 5G cell tower, is a crucial component of a 5G wireless network infrastructure. It is responsible for providing wireless connectivity and enabling high-speed data transmission for 5G-enabled devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and other Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The compo-nents of the 5G base station are significantly more powerful than those of previous stations, such as 2G, 3G, and 4G. As a result, the cooling systems require more power and cause noise pollution to the environment. This study focuses on developing a novel silencer to reduce acoustic noise from servers in a 5G base station. The proposed silencer is made from high sound-absorbing materials to reduce noise. In addition, the silencer is designed with optimal vertical and horizontal ribs to enhance noise reduction while retaining comfortable airflow. The design performance was verified through simulations and validated by experiments.
References
Basner, M., & McGuire, S. (2018). WHO environmental noise guidelines for the European Region: A systematic review on environmental noise and effects on sleep. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(3), 519. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15030519
Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., Janssen, S., & Stansfeld, S. (2014). Auditory and non-auditory effects of noise on health. The Lancet, 383(9925), 1325-1332. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61613-X
Chen, S., Nayak, S., Campbell, C., & Reese, E. (2016). High efficiency 5W/10W 32–38 GHz power amplifier MMICs utilizing advanced 0.15 µm GaN HEMT technology. IEEE Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Symposium, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1109/CSICS.2016.7751040
Cheng, L., & Grosh, K. (2008). The trapped fluid transducer: Modeling and optimization. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 123(6), 4152-4164. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2908301
Choy, Y. S., & Huang, L. (2002). Experimental studies of a drumlike silencer. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 112(5), 2026-2035. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1508779
Choy, Y., Liu, Y., Cheung, H., Xi, Q., & Lau, K. (2012). Development of composite plate for compact silencer design. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 331(10), 2348-2364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2011.12.023
Curtis, J., Pham, A.-V., Chirala, M., Aryanfar, F., & Pi, Z. (2013). A Ka-band Doherty power amplifier with 25.1 dBm output power, 38% peak PAE and 27% back-off PAE. IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium, 349-352. https://doi.org/10.1109/RFIC.2013.6569601
Davis, I., McKay, A., & Bennett, J. G. (2021). A graph-theory approach to optimisation of an acoustic absorber targeting a specific noise spectrum that approaches the causal optimum minimum depth. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 505, Article 116135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2021.116135
Hong, O., Kerr, M. J., Poling, G. L., & Dhar, S. (2013). Understanding and preventing noise-induced hearing loss. Disease-a-Month, 59(4), 110-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disamonth.2013.01.002
Huang, L. (1999). A theoretical study of duct noise control by flexible panels. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 106(4), 1801-1809. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.427930
Industrial Noise & Vibration Centre. (2025). Industrial fan noise reduction. https://invc.com/noise-control/fan-noise-reduction/
Institution of Occupational Safety and Health. (2024). Effects of noise. https://iosh.com/health-and-safety-professionals/improve-your-knowledge/occupational-health-toolkit/noise/effects-of-noise/
Lawrie, J. B., & Guled, I. M. M. (2006). On tuning a reactive silencer by varying the position of an internal membrane. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 120(2), 780-790. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2213571
McKay, A., Davis, I., Killeen, J., & Bennett, J. G. (2020). SeMSA: A compact super absorber optimised for broadband, low-frequency noise attenuation. Scientific Reports, 10, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73933-0
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. (2010). Vietnam national technical regulation on noise (QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT)
National Geographic Society. (2025). Noise pollution. https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/noise-pollution
Nelson, D. I., Nelson, R. Y., Concha-Barrientos, M., & Fingerhut, M. (2005). The global burden of occupational noise-induced hearing loss. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 48(6), 446-458. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20223
Ramamoorthy, S., Grosh, K., & Dodson, J. M. (2002). A theoretical study of structural acoustic silencers for hydraulic systems. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 111(5), 2097-2108. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1466866
Shinjo, S., Nakatani, K., Tsutsumi, K., & Nakamizo, H. (2017). Integrating the front end: A highly integrated RF front end for high-SHF wide-band massive MIMO in 5G. IEEE Microwave Magazine, 18(5), 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2017.2690883
Staff, N. E. (2018). Reducing noise from fans. Noise and Vibration Worldwide, 49(1), 11-13. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957456517748392
Vos, T., Flaxman, A. D., Naghavi, M., Lozano, R., Michaud, C., Ezzati, M., Shibuya, K., Salomon, J. A., Abdalla, S., Aboyans, V., Abraham, J., Ackerman, I., Aggarwal, R., Ahn, S. Y., Ali, M. K., AlMazroa, M. A., Alvarado, M., Anderson, H. R., Anderson, L. M., . . . Murray, C. J. (2012). Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. The Lancet, 380(9859), 2163-2196. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2
Webber, A. (2014, November; revised March 2020). Calculating useful lifetimes of embedded processors (Application Report SPRABX4B). Texas Instruments. https://www.ti.com/lit/an/sprabx4b/sprabx4b.pdf








