Growing carbon nanotubes vertically and horizontally to the substrate: a review

Marguerite Ellis; Binh Duong; Supapan  Seraphin

Authors

Marguerite Ellis Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, U.S.A.
Binh Duong NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Florida 32826, U.S.A.
Supapan Seraphin Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, U.S.A.

Keywords:

carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, double-walled carbon nanotubes, chemical vapor deposition of carbon nanotubes, Raman spectroscopy of carbon nanotubes

Abstract

This review article provides information on processing conditions of chemical vapor depositions that are significant to the growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) either vertically or horizontally along the substrate. Carbon nanotubes are generated in forms of single-walled, double-walled, multi-walled cylindrical tubes, and stacked-cone fibers. Novel composites of vertically aligned CNTs and graphitic layer are also presented. Key processing parameters include type of catalyst systems, underlayer, gaseous hydrocarbon sources, and gas flow rate. Growth mechanisms of various CNT forms are discussed. The review includes Raman spectroscopy analysis to determine electrical and structural properties of CNTs.

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