Implementing autonomy: a rhizomatic model for pronunciation learning
Keywords:
learner autonomy, pronunciation learning, personal learning environment, rhizomatic, verbotonalAbstract
The role of autonomy in language learning has long been discussed and there has been an increasing tendency among researchers to explore autonomous learning, especially with the shift from teacher-centred to student-centred learning environments (Holec, 1981; Little, 1995; Benson, 2007; Godwin-Jones, 2011). Yet, implementing autonomy remains problematic (Judy & Crookall, 1995; Gremmo & Riley, 1995) though computer technology has contributed much to facilitating autonomous learning (Godwin-Jones, 2011; Hayta & Yaprak, 2013). This paper deals with the implementation of an autonomous learning system for English pronunciation based on the verbotonal system of corrective phonetics embedded in a CALL environment (CALL-VT). Participants in this research were 48 Chinese EFL students enrolled in a formal pronunciation course. A questionnaire was developed and administered to the group and oral interviews were conducted before and after the intervention to evaluate students’ learner autonomy. In addition, a diary was kept by each student. Results indicate that students’ autonomy was developed significantly as was their pronunciation. Implications are drawn for the implementation of autonomy.
References
Acton, W. (1984). Changing fossilized pronunciation. TESOL Quarterly, 18(1), 71-85. DOI: 10.2307/3586336
Benson, P. (2001). Teaching and researching autonomy in language learning. Harlow, UK: Pearson Education Limited. (Second edition 2011).
Benson, P. (2006). Learner autonomy in language learning (p. 114). NY, USA: Routledge.
Benson, P., & Voller, P. (1997). (Eds.). Autonomy and independence in language learning. London, England: Longman.
Blin, F. (2004). CALL and the development of learner autonomy: Towards an activity-theoretical perspective. ReCALL, 16(2), 377-395. DOI: 10.1017/S0958344004000928
Chen, H., Sun, X. P., & Zhang, Y. (2008). On English intonation instruction, Foreign Language Research, 141(2), 135-139.
Deleuze, G., & Guattari, F. (1987). A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and schizophrenia (B. Massumi, Trans.). London, England: Athlone Press.
Demirezen, M. (2010). The causes of the schwa phoneme as a fossilized pronunciation problem for Turks, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2, 1567-1571. DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.237
Dickinson, L. (1995). Autonomy and motivation: a literature review. System, 23(2), 165-174.
Godwin-Jones, R. (2011). Emerging technologies autonomous language learning. Language Learning & Technology, 15(3), 4-11.
Gremmo, M.-J., & Riley, P. (1995). Autonomy, self-direction and self-access in language teaching and learning: the history of an idea. System, 23(2), 151-164. DOI:10.1016/0346-251X(95)00002-2
Guberina, P. (1972). Restricted bands of frequencies in auditory rehabilitation of deaf. Faculty of Arts, Institute of Phonetics, Zagreb, Republic of Croatia.
Guberina, P., & Asp, C. W. (1981). The Verbo-tonal method of rehabilitation for people with communication problems was. Retrieved from http://www.suvag.com/ang/histoire/autrestextes.html
Guo, X. Y. (2011). Comparison of learner autonomy of Chinese and Polish students and some implications for China’s ELT. Foreign Languages in China, 3(1), 11-16.
Hesling, I., Dilharreguy, B., Clément, S., Bordessoules, M., & Allard, M. (2005). Cerebral mechanisms of prosodic sensory integration using low-frequency bands of connected speech, Human Brain Mapping, 26(3), 157-169. DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20147
Ho, J., & Crookall, D. (1995). Breaking with Chinese cultural traditions: learner autonomy in English language teaching. System, 23(2), 235-243.
Holec, H. (1981). Autonomy in foreign language learning. Oxford, UK: Pergamon.
Levy, M. (1997). Computer-assisted language learning: context and conceptualization. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
Lian, A. B. (2014). “New Learning” and CALL: A DIY paradigm. AsiaCALL Online Journal, 9, A14-A26.
Lian, A.-P. (1980). Intonation Patterns of French (Teacher’s book) (p. 189). Melbourne, Auckland: River Seine Publications Pty Ltd.
Lian, A.-P. (1987). Awareness, autonomy and achievement. Revue de Phonétique Appliquée, 82-84, 167-184.
Lian, A.-P. (2000). From first principles: Constructing language learning and teaching environments. In M.-S. Lin (Ed.), Selected Papers from the Ninth International Symposium on English Teaching (pp. 49-62). Taipei, Taiwan: Crane Publishing. Retrieved from http://www.andrewlian.com/andrewlian/prowww/first_principles/index.html
Lian, A.-P. (2004). Technology-enhanced language-learning environments: a rhizomatic approach. In J.-B. Son (Ed.), Computer-Assisted Language Learning: Concepts, Contexts and Practices (pp. 1-20). New York, NY, USA: iUniverse.
Lian, A.-P. (2011). Reflections on language learning in the 21st century: the rhizome at work. Rangsit Journal of Arts and Sciences, 1(1), 5-16.
Lian, A.-P. (2014). On-demand generation of individualised language learning lessons. Journal of Science, 9(1), 25-38.
Lian, A.-P., & Pineda, M. V. (2014). Rhizomatic learning: “As when and if” A Strategy for the ASEAN Community in the 21st Century. Beyond Words, 2(1), 1-28. Retrieved from http://journal.wima.ac.id/index.php/BW/article/view/508/487
Little, D. (1991). Learner autonomy 1: Definitions, issues and problems. Dublin, Ireland: Authentik.
Liu, T. F. (2010). A comparison between Chinese college students and their American counterparts in foreign language studies, Journal of West Anhui University, 24(2), 124-129.
Lozanov, G. (2009). Suggestopedia/Reservopedia theory and practice of the liberating-stimulating pedagogy on the level of the hidden reserves of the human mind. Sofia, Bulgaria: Sofia University Publishing House.
Mak, B. (2011). An exploration of speaking-in-class anxiety with Chinese ESL learners. System, 39(2), 202-214. DOI:10.1016/j.system.2011.04.002
Mitra, S., Tooley, J., Inamdar, P., & Dixon, P. (2003). Improving English pronunciation: An automated instructional approach. Information Technologies and International Development, 1(1), 75-84. DOI: 10.1162/154475203771799720
Mozzon-McPherson, M. (2007). Supporting independent learning environments: An analysis of structures and roles of language learning advisers, System, 35, 66-92. DOI: 10.1016/j.system.2006.10.008
Murray, G. L. (1999). Autonomy and language learning in a simulated environment. System, 27, 195-308.
Pineda, M. V. (2014). Open teaching and personal learning networks (PLNs) as avenues of enhanced participation and reflection. Rangsit Journal of Arts and Sciences, 3(2), 99-112.
Renard, R. (1975). Introduction à la méthode verbo-tonale de correction phonétique. Paris, France: Didier.
Schank, R., & Jona, M. (1991). Empowering the stupdent: new perspectives on the design of teaching system. The Journal of the Learning Sciences, 1(1), 7-35.
Schmidt, R. (2012). Attention, awareness, and individual differences in language learning. In W. M. Chan, K. N. Chin, S. Bhatt & I. Walker (Eds.), Perspectives on Individual Characteristics and Foreign Language Education (pp. 27-50). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Selinker, L. (1972). Interlanguage. IRAL, International Review of Applied Linguistics,10(3), 209-231.
Selinker, L., & Lakshamanan, U. (1992). Language transfer and fossilization: The “Multiple Effects Principle”. In S. M. Gass, & L. Selinker (Eds.), Language transfer in language learning (pp. 197-216). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.
Şengül, S., Katranci, Y., & Bozkuş, F. (2013). Learning styles of prospective teachers: Kocali university case. Journal of Educational and Instructional Studies in the World, 3(1), 1-12.
Snodin, N. S. (2013). The effects of blended learning with a CMS on the development of autonomous learning: A case study of different degrees of autonomy achieved by individual learners, Computers & Education, 61, 209-216. DOI:10.1016/j.compedu.2012.10.004
Tassinari, M. G. (2012). Evaluating learner autonomy: A dynamic model with descriptors. Studies in Self-Access Learning Journal, 3(1), 24-40. http://sisaljournal.org/archives/march12/tassinari/
Yapici, I. Ü., & Hevedanli, M. (2014). Educational use of social networks: Facebook case study. European Journal of Research on Education, 2(4), 16–21.
Yu, J. (2006). A study on the development of English majors’ autonomous learning, Foreign Language Teaching Abroad, 2, 24-30.
Zhang, F. (2006). The teaching of Mandarin prosody: A somatically-enhanced approach for second language learners. Unpublished Ph.D.’s Thesis, University of Canberra, Canberra: Australia.
Zheng, Y. Y. (2010). Vocabulary knowledge development of Chinese learners of English in China: A longitudinal multiple-case study of eight university students. Ph.D.’s Dissertation in Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.