Investigation of lipid nanocarriers and microspicule gel for dermal delivery of porcine placenta extract

Kritsanaporn Tansathien; Koranat Dechsri; Praneet Opanasopit; Nopparat Nuntharatanapong; Monrudee Sukma; Worranan Rangsimawong

Authors

Kritsanaporn Tansathien Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand
Koranat Dechsri Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand
Praneet Opanasopit Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand
Nopparat Nuntharatanapong Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand
Monrudee Sukma Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand
Worranan Rangsimawong Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand

Keywords:

dermal delivery, liposome, noisome, PEGylation, microspicule, porcine placenta extract, gels

Abstract

The primary active ingredient of porcine placenta extract (PPE) is a total protein that is limited the transportation of its content into the skin. The objective was to investigate the dermal delivery of PPE using lipid nanocarriers and a microspicule (MS) gel. The liposomes (LI), PEGylated liposomes (P-LI), niosomes (NI), and PEGylated niosomes (P-NI) for loading PPE were formulated and characterized the physicochemical properties. PPE-loaded nanocarriers were added to the MS gel. The in vitro skin deposition study and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were performed. For the results, all formulations were nanometers (84 to 172 nm) in size with narrow size distribution and negatively charged (-11 to -31 mV). The percent loading capacity (% LC) of NI (26.43 ± 1.69 %) was higher than that of P-NI (23.97 ± 0.55 %), LI (4.87 ± 0.13 %), and P-LI (4.25 ± 0.05 %), respectively. All nanocarriers were successfully mixed with MS gel. After applying the formulations to the skin for four hours, NI-MS gel showed significantly higher total protein deposited into the skin (345.19 ± 53.65 µg/ml) than that the gel-based formulation did (175.56 ± 67.28 µg/ml) (p<0.05). The CLSM study confirmed that the NI-MS gel could deliver bovine serum albumin-fluorescein isothiocyanate (BSA-FITC) as the macromolecular protein marker through the stratum corneum barrier into the deep skin. In conclusion, the NI-MS gel exhibited suitable physicochemical properties, suggesting that this model could play an essential role as a dermal delivery system for PPE and other macromolecules.

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