Recent Advances in Cogging Torque Reduction for Radial-Flux PMSMs: A Systematic and Bibliometric Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59796/jcst.V16N2.2026.170Keywords:
RF-PMSMs, stator geometry, rotor geometry, magnet geometry, winding layout, non-geometry techniquesAbstract
Cogging torque remains a critical barrier to achieving torque smoothness, energy efficiency, and structural reliability in radial-flux permanent magnet synchronous machines (RF-PMSMs), particularly in low-speed and variable-speed renewable energy systems. This study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of 64 peer-reviewed journal articles, categorizing cogging torque mitigation strategies into five key domains: stator geometry, rotor geometry, magnet geometry, winding layout, and non-geometric techniques. To complement the synthesis, bibliometric mapping was performed using VOSviewer, and a Thematic Map was generated via Biblioshiny (Bibliometrix R) from article metadata. This integrated approach not only identifies widely adopted techniques but also uncovers underexplored yet high-potential research fronts. In particular, niche and emerging themes are highlighted as promising directions for innovation. The review also underscores the importance of multi-objective design optimization, advanced material strategies, and real-world validation under manufacturing and operational constraints. Overall, the study provides a structured and forward-looking contribution to advancing RF-PMSM design, with specific novelty in cogging torque reduction for high-performance and sustainable energy applications.
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