Novel Application of Atmospheric Low Temperature DBD Plasma for Water Quality Improvement
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Abstract
This article presents a study on improving the properties of plasma-activated water (PAW) using low-temperature plasma under atmospheric environment. A plasma generator was developed and designed using a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) technique to produce water enriched with nitrogen fertilizer components. The DBD plasma-activated water generator was designed with a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge system to aid in dissipating heat accumulated on the electrode surface during plasma generation with circulating water. The plasma is generated between the water surface and the lower surface of the coaxial dielectric barrier discharge tube. The experimental results of studying the effect of activation time on mineral water, which was repeatedly activated for 4 cycles, showed that the water parameters changed significantly with an increasing number of cycles per water activation. After the 4th cycle, the most significant changes were observed. The pH and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) values decreased with increasing cycles, decreasing to 8.50 and 170 mV, respectively. Meanwhile, the total dissolved solids (TDS) and electrical conductivity (EC) values increased to a maximum of 280 ppm and 550 µS/cm, respectively. Additionally, the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, ozone, and nitrate in the plasma-activated water increased. These chemical changes help improve water properties and enhance the efficiency of liquid fertilizer production in the agricultural sector.
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