Assessing Trihalomethanes (THMs) Formation Potential in a Water Supply Plant Using Fluoresecence Exitation-Emission Matrix
Keywords:
water treatment, dissolved organic matter, trihalomethanes, fluorescenceAbstract
This research study aimed to investigate relationships between aquatic organic matter and total trihalomethanes formation potential (TTHM-FP24) via the reactions with chlorine disinfectants. The trihalomethanes studied included chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane and bromoform. Water samples were collected from Khon Kaen University water supply plant during 7-month period of December 2017 – June 2018. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) was characterized using ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UVA254), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM). The results indicated that water samples with higher DOC contents possessed higher chlorine demand. TTHM-FP24 of raw water sources varied seasonally. Higher TTHM-FP24 was noted during December 2017 – February 2018, while during March – June 2018 TTHM-FP24 was lower. The dominant THM species formed during chlorination of all water samples was CHCl3. Through the use of fluorescent EEM, DOM was characterized into three groups according to its sources and chemical characteristics viz. fulvic-like DOM, humic-like DOM and microbial protein-like DOM. TTHM-FP24 significantly correlated with the humic-like DOM (R2 = 0.61, p<0.01), while correlated to UVA254 and DOC to a lesser extent (R2 = 0.30-0.50, p <0.01). DOM characterization results via EEM should prove useful in the operational control of a water supply plant in term of THMs precursors removal.
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