Relationships between Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Selected Woods
Keywords:
Wood Density, Mechanical Properties, Redwood (Xylia xylocarpa), Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.)Abstract
The present research investigated the relationships between microstructures and mechanical properties of widely used species of woods in Thailand. The arrangements of cellular microstructures of pine wood, rubber wood, teak wood and red wood were examined via scanning electron microscopy and were compared with the densities, moduli of rupture and hardness of the woods. Woods were noted to consist of porous cells, arranged in a similar fashion but with clearly different cellular size distributions. While the size distribution of pine wood could be well described by normal distribution, those of rubber wood, teak wood and red wood were binomial distribution in nature. In the case of the binomial distributions, inter-penetrating arrangements of smaller cells among larger ones were also noted to be different among the different woods, resulting in the different values of densities, moduli of rupture, and hardness. The density of pine wood of 0.51 ± 0.02 grams per cubic centimeter was lower than those of rubber wood, teak wood and red wood, which were 0.76 ± 0.06, 0.79 ± 0.06 and 1.05 ± 0.02 g/cm3, respectively. The moduli of rupture for pine wood, rubber wood, teak wood and red wood were 64.4±5.6, 104.7±11.5, 73.1±8.8, and 127.2±8.8 MPa, respectively. The hardness values of pine wood, rubber wood, teak wood and red wood were 45±3.4, 58±3.9, 51±3.6, and 68±4.4 Shore D, respectively.
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