Effect of Using 200-L Kilns of Different Designs on Properties of Dendrocalamus giganteus Bamboo Node Charcoals

Thiti Wanishdilokratn; Itsaree Howpinjai; Siriluk Sukjareon; Jirapa Wanishdilokratn

Authors

Thiti Wanishdilokratn Department of Forest Industry Technology, Maejo University, Phrae Campus, Phrae, Thailand
Itsaree Howpinjai Department of Forest Industry Technology, Maejo University, Phrae Campus, Phrae, Thailand
Siriluk Sukjareon Department of Forest Industry Technology, Maejo University, Phrae Campus, Phrae, Thailand
Jirapa Wanishdilokratn Watershed Conservation and Management Office, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Bangkok, Thailand

Keywords:

Temperature, Horizontal Charcoal Kiln, Vertical Charcoal Kiln, Bamboo Node, Dendrocalamus giganteus Bamboo

Abstract

The objective of this research was to study the effect of different designs of 200-L charcoal kilns operated at the maximum carbonization temperature of 300 °C on selected properties of Dendrocalamus giganteus bamboo node charcoals. Four kiln designs, i.e., vertical kiln with direct heating, vertical kiln with baking, horizontal kiln with direct heating and horizontal kiln with baking, were tested. Density, fuel quantity, charcoal quantity, gross calorific value, net calorific value, volatile matter, ash content, fixed carbon content, carbon content and hydrogen content were measured. The study revealed that the average density of bamboo node was 606.50 kg/m³. Vertical kiln with baking consumed the highest amount of fuel but resulted in the highest quantity of charcoal. Bamboo charcoal from horizontal kiln with baking exhibited the highest net calorific value, fixed carbon content and carbon content and the lowest amount of volatile matter. Bamboo charcoal from horizontal kiln with direct heating possessed the highest gross calorific value. Bamboo charcoal from vertical kiln with direct heating exhibited the lowest amount of ash and the highest amount of hydrogen.

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