Porosity and opacity of papers using HDPE catalyst production waste as a paper filler
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Abstract
This research work observed the variation of air resistance of paper handsheets using a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) catalyst waste, a by-product from a HDPE catalyst production, as a filler. Chemically, this waste composition is ceramic based. The as-received waste was in the form of mud, therefore, it had to be oven-dried and ground before applying into the papermaking. The dried waste was finely ground and screened through a series of sieves to get dry powder with various sizes, covering 4 different sizes: over 80, 80-100, 100-200 and under 200 mesh. The waste powders were replaced with conventional and commercial fillers: kaolin clay and ground calcium carbonate (GCC), in the filler to fiber weight ratio of 15:85. Then, fiber pulpstock and filler materials were thoroughly blended in water to make handsheets of standard grammage of 63, without retention aid. Air resistance of the handsheets was examined by Gurley method to define porosity. The work revealed that particle size of the HDPE waste filler altered the air resistance of the handsheets, representing the porosity along the paper thickness. The handsheet papers with HDPE waste filler contained higher pore content compared with those with conventional kaolin and GCC at the same filler load as well as paper gram. However, it was noticed that smaller particle size facilitated air penetration compared to the larger one. The HDPE catalyst waste also provided slightly higher opacity relative to the conventional ones, approximately 87-89%, however, this property was slightly sensitive to filler particle sizes. This suggested that the use of HDPE catalyst waste in papermaking offered ink absorption and may affect printing ability
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