International Electrical Engineering Transactions

Design and Implementation of an Unmanned Water Quality Monitoring Vessel Based on Intelligent Navigation Control

2025-12-06T16:35:43+07:00

With the increasing severity of water pollution, traditional manual sampling and laboratory testing methods can no longer meet the requirements of real-time and large-scale monitoring. As a novel monitoring platform, unmanned water quality monitoring vessels are characterized by high mobility, strong automation, and flexibility, and have been increasingly applied in smart aquaculture, lake management, and water resource protection. This paper proposes an unmanned water quality monitoring vessel based on a dual-control architecture integrating APM2.8 and STM32. The system innovatively employs the APM2.8 autopilot for navigation control and path planning, combining GPS and inertial sensors to achieve high-precision autonomous navigation. Meanwhile, an STM32F103 microcontroller is adopted as the water quality monitoring core to realize real-time acquisition and processing of multiple parameters, including temperature, pH, TDS, turbidity, and water depth. A dual-channel communication structure consisting of LoRa and WiFi is designed to support long-range remote monitoring and short-range high-speed interaction. Experimental results show that the proposed system achieves superior performance in trajectory tracking accuracy, task execution efficiency, and data acquisition reliability. The average trajectory deviation is less than 0.3 m, and the sensor measurement error is controlled within the design range. Compared with traditional single-controller architectures, the proposed system demonstrates significant improvements in autonomy, stability, and scalability.

Design and Implement of Smart Voice Controlled Two-Wheeled Self-Balancer for Following and Avoidance

2025-11-20T21:48:08+07:00

Self-balancing robots, traditionally used for entertainment or educational purposes, are now increasingly being explored for their potential to assist elderly people and individuals with limited mobility. Such robots can provide various functionalities such as transportation, monitoring, and interaction, improving the quality of life for users. However, existing two-wheeled self-balancing robots mainly focus on basic mobility and remote control through mobile applications, with limited emphasis on human-robot interaction and adaptability to dynamic environments. This paper proposes a solution to enhance the interaction capabilities of self-balancing robots by integrating voice control and intelligent following/obstacle avoidance features. Traditional remote control methods may not be intuitive for all users, especially elderly or disabled individuals, who could benefit more from voice commands that allow hands-free operation. Additionally, in the dynamic home environment, robots must be able to follow users while avoiding obstacles autonomously, ensuring both efficiency and safety. Thus, this study aims to design and implement an intelligent system that combines offline speech recognition with ultrasonic sensor-based following and obstacle avoidance, providing a more seamless and user-friendly experience.

Design and Implementation of Multifunctional Smart Fish Tank Control System based on Water Quality Management

2025-11-16T21:49:00+07:00

This research is aiming to design and implement a multifunctional smart fish tank system based on ESP32, which solves the shortcomings of traditional fish tanks in environmental stability, automation management, and emergency response. The objectives consist of three parts as 1) Enhance the intelligence level of fish tank management through sensors and remote monitoring technology. 2) Develop mobile applications to enable users to monitor and control the fish tank environment in real-time system. Real time monitoring of water quality parameters using sensors, collecting data through ESP32 and transmitting it to the Alibaba Cloud IoT platform. The system has the automatic water change system, replenishment, feeding, and constant temperature control functions, which is equipped with a backup power supply to ensure power outage endurance. Tests and results have shown that the proposed system can work stably and reliably, and all functions have achieved the research objectives, significantly improving the intelligence level of fish tank management.

Functional Evaluation of External Interfaces on the Kria KR260 Robotics Starter Kit for Practical Deployment

2025-12-06T16:26:36+07:00

This study presents a functional evaluation of the five primary external interfaces of the Kria KR260 Robotics Starter Kit Pmod, SFP+, Raspberry Pi HAT, Ethernet, and USB using a unified hardware–software workflow based on Vivado ML 2022.2 and the Vitis Unified Software Platform 2022.2. Each interface was implemented and tested through repeated execution cycles to assess digital I/O behavior, sensor communication reliability, and high-speed data transfer capability. The experimental results show that the KR260 provides stable and responsive performance across a wide range of interface operations. The Pmod interface achieved rapid GPIO switching with moderate sensitivity to repeated toggling, while the SFP+ subsystem demonstrated near line rate 10 Gbps throughput with observable variability in link stability. The Raspberry Pi HAT interface delivered consistent I²C sensor measurements with a 90% success rate. The Ethernet interface demonstrated exceptional stability with 100% connection success and measured throughput exceeding nominal Gigabit specifications. USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 evaluations confirmed functional read/write operations, with performance influenced by device-specific flash drive behavior. Overall, the findings validate the KR260 as a robust and versatile platform for real-time robotics development, offering dependable performance for control, sensing, and high-bandwidth communication tasks.